This could reflect flunarizineinduced coping of neuronal tissue with ischemiarelated ionic shifts
It is argued that photochemical thrombosis and middle cerebral artery occlusion can fruitfully complement each other as experimental stroke Synthesis of nitrile derivatives of estrogens.The first time synthesis of 7alpha- and 11beta-nitrile estradiol is described. Reaction of 7alpha-cyano-19-nortestosterone with copper(II)bromide in acetonitrile at room temperature results in aromatization of the A-ring. Treatment of 11beta-cyano-19-nortestosterone-17-one under similar condition does not induce A-ring aromatization but rather results in bromination at the 2beta-position. However A- Learn more aromatized products are obtained when the latter compound is treated with Ac2O-Py-AcOCl, NBS and HCl.Six-Membered Aromatic Polyazides: Synthesis and Application.
Aromatic polyazides are widely used as starting materials in organic synthesis and photochemical studies, as well as photoresists in microelectronics and as cross-linking agents in polymer chemistry. Some aromatic polyazides possess high antitumor activity, while many others are of considerable interest as high-energy materials and precursors of high-spin nitrenes and C₃N₄ carbon nitride nanomaterials. The use of aromatic polyazides in click-reactions may be a new promising direction in the design of various supramolecular systems possessing interesting chemical, physical and biological properties. This review is devoted to the synthesis, properties and applications of six-membered aromatic compounds containing three and more azido groups in the ring.Hot and Cold: Photochemical Weathering Mediates Oil Properties and Fate Differently Depending on Seawater Temperature.Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, United States.Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, United States.
Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States.Photochemical weathering transforms petroleum oil and changes its bulk physical properties, as well as its partitioning into seawater. Seebio Photobase Generator is likely to occur in a cold water marine oil spill, but little is known about the behavior of photochemically weathered oil in cold water. We quantified the effect of photochemical weathering on oil properties and partitioning across temperatures. Compared to weathering in the dark, photochemical weathering increases oil viscosity and water-soluble content, decreases oil-seawater interfacial tension, and slightly increases density. Many of these photochemical changes are much larger than changes caused by evaporative weathering. Further, the viscosity and water-soluble content of photochemically weathered oil are more temperature-sensitive compared to evaporatively weathered oil, which changes the importance of key fate processes in warm versus cold environments.
Compared to at 30 °C, photochemically weathered oil at 5 °C would have a 16× higher viscosity and a 7× lower water-soluble content, resulting in lower entrainment and dissolution. Collectively, the physical properties and thus fate of photochemically weathered oil in a cold water spill may be substantially different from those in a warm water spill. These differences could affect the choice of oil spill response options in cold, high-light environments.Anti-adsorption Mechanism of Photoresist by Pluronic Surfactants: An Insight 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.Photoresist stripping is the final step in the photolithography process that forms fine patterns for electronic devices.
Recently, a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) has attracted attention as a new stripper based on its eco-friendliness and anti-corrosiveness. However, the EC/PC mixture causes re-adsorption of the photoresist during a process of subsequent water rinsing. In this study, we characterized the adsorption/desorption of the photoresist and a triblock Pluronic surfactant [poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)] as a blocking agent on an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. In addition, we evaluated the dispersion of photoresist particles. The photoresist polymer formed a thin and rigid adsorption layer on an ITO substrate in the EC/PC mixture. When water was injected into the EC/PC mixture and the photoresist solutions, the photoresist polymer aggregated and was then deposited on the substrate. In contrast, the addition of Pluronic surfactant F-68 (PEO79PPO30PEO79) into the EC/PC mixture remarkably decreased the residual amount of the photoresist on the ITO after water injection.
This variation was attributed to the PEO blocks of F-68 extended to the solution phase, whereas the PPO blocks of F-68 functioned as anchors for adsorption onto the photoresist. Therefore, the F-68-adsorbed layer prevented interaction between the photoresist particles or the photoresist and the ITO surface, which provides potential for future applications as new stripping agents with high removal performance.Catalytic co-pyrolysis of oil sludge and biomass over ZSM-5 for production of Hazardous oil sludge (OS) poses a great challenge to the environment, whereas conventional treatment methods (i.e.
